Speedboat and hull



Jarl- 21 15945- v H. 1 .BRowNBAK -SPEED BOAT AND HULL 2 sheets-sheet@ Filed Sept. 15, 1943 Jan. 2, 1 945. H. L. BRowNBAcK SPEED BOAT AND HULL 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Filed Sept. 13, 1943 `Patented Jan.2, 194,5 l.

2,366,59oj 'n n n sPEEDBoAT HULL n `Henry Lowe Brownback, Norristown, Pa. l

Appncstinn'scptemher 13,1943,scriaiNesbaieo 'y r This invention is a novel improvement in speed boats and hulls,4 particularly f'of the hollow V lor concave bow type, andftheprincipal object of the invention isfto `provide a boat of 'the above type in which thekeellineis disposed above the 1 chine for approximately `2/3 of the length of the boat, atwhichpoint the keel line passes below the chine `line and `runs aft below said `chine line to thetransom, the bottom of the hull aft of the point of intersection being of` normal V 1 type or of round bottom extending approximately the length of theboatfrom the rear; my novel design providing a more `eii'icient, hull than those heretofore designed, making `the boat feasier to handle and obviatingthetendency inboats of the above `general` typeI yfrom f collecting floating debris and directingitinto theline of the pro n Dellerorrudden 1 l c "Another object fof the above invention is1 to provide a speed boat or hull ofthe above type which may be driven `eitlier -by ya water propeller i or by an air propeller.

Another object of the invention is to provide a speed boat and hull of the `above-type in which l the boat is of general rectangular plan `with sections of either a hollow V or concave form `at the bow, these sections becoming gradually natter as they approach the stern, until at approximately 2/3 the distanceffrom the bow to the stern they become flat, andfthen assume a positive V, or a convex shape extending aft tothe stern; my de,- sign providing a speed vboat or hull inwhich the wave and air collecting qualities of the hollow V or concave bottom are preserved, the boat ridingupon a cushion of )air and water-at all ltimes,

the cushion continuing` 'under the hull under `the positive `V`cor convex stern until `it escapes` underthetransom; hence, in case `ofaturn or a skid the positive convex V stern section "causes the` boat to bank inwardly and thus jbe stable l as distinguished jfrom"the action of speed boats having hollow V sections extendingycornpletely to `the "transom,ywhich"evenf'though relieved by so-called "skid :Shines tend" to trip `aiidfunc'ler severe Vconditionsto overturn, this being particulairly true where the center of `gravity of the `hull and/or 'superstructure` `and machinery `produce a highcenterofgravity in the entire boat, and therefore increases the tendency `Orth@ boat ti0 become `unstable under unfavorable conditions'.

Other minor objects of. the invention :will "be hereinafter set forth.` ,n I will explain the'invention with reference `t the `accompanying drawingawhioh illustrate sev- `eral practical `embodiments thereof `to enable i i an air propelledhull'.

othrsfannna witnathe art to adopt and use the same; and will summarize in the `claims the novel features of construction, and novel combinations ofparts, for which protection is desired.

Inxsaid drawings: i l l Fig. 1 is aside elevationypartly broken away, of a boat hull embodying `my invention., indicatlng indotted` lineslthefloor line,` keel line, and alsoindicatingithe chineline.

Fig.` 2` is a top plan View of the starboard side of `the boat hujllshownfin Fig.; l;, with the floor planking removed toshow the arrangement'fof framing under the. floor. u

l'ig.` @l` is an enlarged half section on the line Fg..5lis` anenlargedhalf 'sectionl on the line i 5 5, Fig. 1, at whichpoint the keel; line crosses the chine line. f l

` Fig. 6 is an-enlarged..half section on the line Fig; *lis an elevationshowing a typicaloor Fig. 9 isa diagrammatic view sho-wing the ar rangement of engine and `loropellenin Vawater propelled hull, and also showing thefarrangement of the rudder. V

30 Fig; 10 is avie'w similar te Fig. 9 -showingwthe arrangement of engine, propeller, andlrudder, in

As shown inFig. 2, the hull is preferably rec'- tangular in plan consisting of opposite side plates l disposed at aT slightly upward flare as disclosed in Figs. `3 to 6, said side plates beingpreferably but not necessarily `formed `of 5-ply approximately 1A inch thick..I Other materials, plies and thicknesses may be used varyingA withthe `size oftheboat l The sheer line la and ichineline lb of the side plates `l' are preferably disposed slightly farther apart adjacentthe bow than at the stern, giving the fsheer `line ld `a slight dead rise above the chine line lb at the bowof `theboat, `the chine 'line being rounded as at `Ic ata point adjacent` the `bow and extending upwardly and forwardly to meet the sheer line at the bow. The rear ends ofthe side members I areconnected bya transom 2, Figs. l, 2 and 6; and substantially the same width is maintained throughoutthef length ofthehull; i n i The keel line Id extends fronra point at the bow somewhat slightly `below the sheer line Ila (Fig.` 1) and passes rearwardlyand downwardly disposed above the chine line Ib. The bottom of the hull aft of the point le of keel line Id is of normal V or round bottom extending aft approximately 1/3 of the length of the boat, the shape of the bottom, fore and aft of the point Ie, being -clearly indicated in Figs. 3, 4, and 6 of the drawings.

Fig. 3 shows a section of the boat through the hull taken at'the line 3 3, Fig. 1. At this point the hollow V or concave section is relatively deep, while Fig. 4 shows the hollow V or concave becoming ilatter at the section 4 4, Fig. 1, the depth of .the hollow V or concave section varying in accordancewith the spacing between ,the keel line Id and chine line Ib in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows a section at the point Where the keel line Id crosses the chine line Ib, thesame being taken at section 5 5, Fig. l, i. e., point Ie of the keel line. `At this section the bottom of the hull is flat, the keel line being at the same distance from the base line as the chine line Ib. In Fig. 5 the -keel line Id being disposed below the chine line Ib adjacent the stern of the boat and Fig. 6 shows the bottom at this point being a normal V or rounded bottom.

By such construction of the bottom of the hull, the wave and air collecting quantities of the hollow V bottom are preserved, the boat riding on a cushion of air and water at all times, the cushion continuing under the hull even below Vthe` positive V convex bottom shown in Fig. 6 until' the cushion escapes under the transom 2. Incase of a turn or a skid the positive convex or V type stern willfcause the boat to bank inwardly and thus be'stable. In the type of boats heretofore constructed however in which the hollow V section extends completely abaft to the transom, even though relieved by so-called skid chines, tend to trip and under severe conditions to overturn. This is particularly true where the center of gravity of the boat hull and/or'superstructurel tially the rear half vof the length of the hull, but

gradually rises from such point to meet the sheer line la at'the bow of the boat. The oor 3 is preferably but not necessarily of 5-ply approxi mately 1%; inch thick, and is disposed horizontally of the hull along the floor line I j, the same gradually rising from a point adjacent the center of the boat to meet the sheer line la at the bow of the boat, while the bottom 4 of the hull is preferably ybut not necessarily 5-ply approximately 1A; inch thick and is of curvature to conform with the keel line and chine' line as indicated in Fig. l and in Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive.

Between the keel line ld and floor line I f, disposed axially of the boat, is a keel 5 which varies in depth according to the distance between the floor line I f and keel line Id, the keel 5 preferlongitudinal member 5b disposed above 'the bottom plate 4 of the hulLfthe parts 5, 5a and 5b beingsecurely held together in any desired manner.

The framing of the hull forms no part of my present invention, and may consist of normal transverse framing or may consist of diagonal framing as shown in Figs. 2 and'; but same may be of any other desired type. Fig. 2 shows a plan view of the diagonal framing at the starboard side of the hull, floor plate 3 being removed. The frames 6 adjacent the bow of the boat may be constructed as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, the same Aconsistingof a member 6a disposed under the floor approximately 1A; inch thick is'secured to the members 6a and Bb as shown in Fig. l3. Preferably a Stringer 3a is provided along the side I under the outer edges of the floor` 3. Preferably the alternate remaining frames 1 are constructed in a manner similar to the frames 6 above described. The intermediate remaining floor frames 8 are preferably constructed as shown in Figs..7

and 8, the same consisting of upper members 8a l and lower members 8b conforming with the-.undersurface of the floor 3 and upperrsurface of the bottom 4 of the hull respectively in the same manner as above described in ,connection with members 5a and 6b of floor frames 6. Instead however of having a continuous web plate Selextending between the members 8a., 8b, substantially T-shaped gusset plates 8d, Figs. '7 and 8, are disposed opposite the vertical members 8c, the same being disposed at opposite faces of the iloor frames 8 so as to reduce weight. Any Jother desired form of framing however may be used, transverse, diagonal, or longitudinal. Also preferably the sides I. may be further reinforced by frame members I0, Figs. 1, 2 and 5, passing through the iloor 3 and terminating at the bottom 4 of the hull.r

At the sheer line la is a hand grip 9, the same continuing'across the upper edge of the transom 2 and across the bow of the boat. Preferably angle irons I I extend along the chine line Ib the same terminating at a point adjacent the bend Ic of said line where the angle iron I I is replaced at the bow by a rub strake I2, Fig. 1, for the purpose of protecting the front end of the chines.

Fig. 9 shows the hull equipped with a water propeller I3 mounted upon a shaft` .I4 extending through a boss I5 projecting below the keel line Id adjacent the stern of the boat and through an inside stuffing box, the shaft I4 being driven by a motor I6 of ,the internal combustion or any other type; a rudder I1 being applied to the rear end of the hull opposite the keel. Inl this conv struction the positive V bottom or convex bottom 4 of the hull adjacent the stern will tend to free the propeller I3 and rudder I1 from debris which may be directed thereagainst by the hollow V section of the hull disposed in advance of the posi,

tive portion, i. e., forward of the point Ie, Fig. 1..

rig 1o snows a 11u11 eqinpped with an an pro- :pellerll driven by motor `i8 `and disposed adiacent-the stern of thehull. When using an air propeller as .shown in Fig. l the hull per se may f be further designe-d in accordance with my LetfitersLPatent No. `1,686,264 dated October 2, 1928,

so that the boat upon .attaining suiiicient speed will be supported on thesurface'of thel water lthrough dynamic reaction `upon `its bottom surt face, the 4hull `:of the boat and its .aerialwpropeller `being so arranged that the ycenter of lift ofthe Vbottom `.surface of` the hull," and the `center of 5 `resistanoeof the hull is .forward and below. the

`center ofi gravity of the boatwhile `the center `of Athrust of the `aerial propeller is above and to the rear of the center of gravity, so that any derange- `ment of the balance of forces sustaining, retarding and propelling the boatfwilltend to raise the boat at the center of gravity, and any substantial increase in the applicationof pnopellingpower or any combination ofexternal `forces which may thebottomisnat, and willhavea convex `v boti tomV from said passing gradually increasing in depth to the transom. i

2. In a hun as ser forni Aanni 1, sais sides being iwwzndly,flaring` i. i

.3.; In a hull as set -forth in claiml, said sheer linebeing fiurtherspacedfrom the chine line .adjacent the bow, to impart a "dead-rise to the sheer line. i

f 4.; n ,nun for speed osais of .substantially c- `tanguilarplan, comprising sides. atransom, and

abottom: the .lower `edges. `of `the sides `.defining the chine lines roundedupwardly at the bow to `meet the sheer `line dened bythe upper edges of the sides; a flo-or within said hull; ,an axially disposed keel :disposed between the door randbot'- tom, the lower edge @of the keel `lcleiin'ing the keel f line; and .saidzkeel line extendingirom a .point tend to raise the stern or depress the b ow sud'-` denly will tend to move the center of liftand the centerof resistanceforward, the center of gravity being vof course stationary, land thereby restore V 'the stability ofthe hull; orthese remaining sta-V v tionary, to 'revolve the boat about the resultant "-iorce, thus attempting to lift theboat at its center i center of resistance forward and restoring (of gravity and depressing the bow, moving the the equilibrium of forcesacting on the hull.

When `using eitherthe water or` air propellers however, the design of the hull `which is roughly rectangular in plan with sections of `either a holl low V or concave form at the bow, these sections become readily iiatter as they approachthe stern, until at approximately 24,. the distance from the bow to the stern they become nat and then assume a positive -V or a convex form at the stern, the wave and air collecting qualities of the hollow V bottom are preserved causing the boatto ride upon a cushion of `air and water at all times, the cushion continuing under the hull even with the positive V convex form aft until it escapes under `the transom. In case of a turn or skid the positive `V type stern sections will causethe boat to bank inwardly and thus be stable. Ordinarily, boats having hollow sections which continue completely to the transom, even when relievedV by socalled skid chines, tend to trip and under severe conditions overturn, this being particularly true Wherethe center of gravity of the hull and/or superstructure and machinerycause a high cen- `ter of gravity of the entire boat, and therefore `produce a greater tendency to become unstable under unfavorable conditions VI do not limit my invention to the exact forms shown in the drawings, for obviously changes may be made therein within the scope `of the claims.

I claim:

`1. A hull for speed boats, comprising substantially parallel sides, a transom, a bottom; the lower edges of the sides defining chine lines` and the upper edges of the sides defining thesheer line; said sheer line and chine line being for the major portion of their lengths substantially parallel;

an axially disposed keel disposed upon the`bottom,`

the loweredge of the keel defining the` keel line;`

and said keel line` extending` from a point adja cent the sheer line at the bow'and passingbelow the chine line at a point approximately two? thirds the length of the hull from the bow and continuing below the chine line from said pass-` ing point to the transom, whereby the hull will have a hollow V `bottom from the bow gradually being upwardly aring. i 1

:adjacent the sheer line `atfthe how andzpassing below the .chine ,line at a point :approximately two-thirds the length .of `the hull from thebow y `.and continuing `belovlr the .chineline lfromA said` passing point :to the transom, whereby the `hull will have a hollow V bottom from the bow ,gradmuy diminishing in depth to `thepassing point where thetabottomis fflat, and `will have a con- Vex V'bottom "from said passing point gradually 4increasing in vdepth to the transom.

5. In la null asset' forth being upwardly flaring; 1

6;In a bullas setrorth iniiclaim 4, said floorV being substantially parallel with the chine line for substantially the aft half of the hull.

. 7. In a hull as set forthinclaim 4, `said sheer lineadjacent the bow being further spaced from the chine line to impart a dead-riseto the sheer line. i Y i 8. A hull for speed boats orf substantially rec- .tangulargplam comprising sides,. a transom, and a bottom; the lower edges of the sides defining the chine `lines rounded upwardly `at the bow `to meet the sheer line defined by the upper edges of the sides; a floor within said hull extending from the-transom and sloping upwardlyto meet the, sheer line at the bow; an axially disposed keel disposed between the oo'r and bottom, the

lower edge of the keel defining the keel line;

said keel line extending from a point; adjacent 10. In a hull as set forthin claim 8, said floor being substantially parallel with the chine line for substantially the alft half of the hull.

11. In` a hull as set forth in claim 8, said sheer line adjacent the bow beingffurther spaced from chine line to impart a dead-rise to the sheer 12. A hull for speed boats of substantially rectangular plan, comprisingsides, a transom, and

a bottom;` the lower edges of the sides defining the -chine lines rounded upwardly` `at the bow to meet the sheer line defined by the upper edges of the sides;` a floor within said hull extending from the transom and sloping upwardly to` diminishing in depth #to` ythe passing point where in claim .4, said sides meet the sheer line at the bow; an axially disposed keel disposed between the floor and bottom, the lower edge of the keel defining the4 keel line; said keel line extending from a point adjacent the sheer line at the bow and' passing below the chine line atl a point approximately ltwothirds the length of the hull from the bow and continuing below the chine line from said passing point to the transom, whereby the hull will have a hollow V bottom nfrom the bow gradually diminishing in depth to the passing point where sides being upwardly flaring.

14. In a hull as Set forth in claim 12, said floor being substantially parallel with the chine line for substantially the aft half of the hull.

l5. In a hull as set forthin claim v12, said sheer line adjacent the bow being further spaced from the .chine line to impart a dead-rise tothe sheerline.

16. A speed boat comprising a hull of substantially rectangular plan, including sides, a transom, Iand .a bottom, thelower edges of the sides defining the chine lines rounded upwardly at the bow to meet the sheer line dened by the upper edges of the sides; a loorwithin said'hull extending from the transom and sloping upwardvafslaaamo ly to meet the sheerline at the bow; an axially disposed keel disposed between the floor and'bottom, the lower edge of thekeel dening the keel line; said keel line extending from a point adjacent the sheer line at the bow and passing below the chine line at ya point approximately twothirds the length of the hull from the bow and continuing below the chine line from said pass- `ing point to the transom, whereby the hull will have a hollow V bottom from the bow gradually diminishing in depth to the passing point where the bottom is flat, and will have a convex V bottom from said passing point gradually increasing in depth tothe transom; framing within the hull between the floor and bottom extending from the keel to the sides and transom; alpropeller; and an engine for driving said propeller.

1'7.'In a boat as set forth in claim 16, sai sides 'being upwardly daring. e I

18. In a boat as set forth in claim. 16, said sheer line `adjacent-the bow being further spaced from the chine line to impart a dead-rise to the sheer line.

'19. In a boat as set forth in claim 16,` said propeller being mounted on a shaft extending downwardly and rearwardly through the keel aft 4of the passing point, and being disposed below the convex V bottom adjacent the stern.

20. In a boat as set forth in yclaim 16, said propeller being disposed above the hull at a point adjacent the stern.

HENRY LOWE BROWNBACK. 

